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勇敢的謝爾頓
2021-05-07

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Those who flock to Shanghai for talents, hot money and new cars

提起上海这座城市，不同的人都会给出不一样的描述。摩登西化、精致小资，都是它的标签，却又不完全是它的样子。在不少汽车人眼里，上海，还是车轮上的上海。从第一辆合资轿车桑塔纳，到中国最早的专业国际车展，从坐

Those who flock to Shanghai for talents, hot money and new cars

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{"i18n":{"language":"en_US"},"data":{"magic":2,"id":105453549,"tweetId":"105453549","gmtCreate":1620320405681,"gmtModify":1704341977568,"author":{"id":3572783242188448,"idStr":"3572783242188448","authorId":3572783242188448,"authorIdStr":"3572783242188448","name":"勇敢的謝爾頓","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/default-avatar.jpg","vip":1,"userType":1,"introduction":"","boolIsFan":false,"boolIsHead":false,"crmLevel":11,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"individualDisplayBadges":[],"fanSize":15,"starInvestorFlag":false},"themes":[],"images":[],"coverImages":[],"extraTitle":"","html":"<html><head></head><body>[666]&nbsp;</body></html>","htmlText":"<html><head></head><body>[666]&nbsp;</body></html>","text":"[666]","highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"favoriteSize":0,"link":"https://ttm.financial/post/105453549","repostId":1158264878,"repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"1158264878","kind":"news","pubTimestamp":1620312617,"share":"https://ttm.financial/m/news/1158264878?lang=en_US&edition=fundamental","pubTime":"2021-05-06 22:50","market":"hk","language":"zh","title":"Those who flock to Shanghai for talents, hot money and new cars","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1158264878","media":"未来汽车日报","summary":"提起上海这座城市，不同的人都会给出不一样的描述。摩登西化、精致小资，都是它的标签，却又不完全是它的样子。在不少汽车人眼里，上海，还是车轮上的上海。从第一辆合资轿车桑塔纳，到中国最早的专业国际车展，从坐","content":"When it comes to the city of Shanghai, different people will give different descriptions. Modern westernization and exquisite petty bourgeoisie are all its labels, but they are not exactly what it looks like. In the eyes of many Autobots, Shanghai is still Shanghai on wheels.From Santana, the first joint venture car, to China's earliest professional international auto show, from sitting on the automobile group with the largest production and sales scale in China, to being at the forefront of the new four modernizations, Shanghai's development has always been accompanied by the wheels rolling forward. Compared with Wuhan and Changchun, the development of Shanghai's automobile industry is more like an evolutionary history of modern Chinese automobile industry.Today, on the 6,340 square kilometers of land in Shanghai, with<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/600637\">Oriental Pearl Tower</a>As the center, in the north, there are many OEMs and parts giants entrenched in Jiading Automobile City; South, there are<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TSLA\">Tesla</a>Lingang upstarts brought up by themselves; In the west, there are deep pockets<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/00708\">Evergrande Auto</a>And<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TSM\">TSMC</a>And other key suppliers; To the east, there is a mature industrial area centered on SAIC-GM, as well as a company with semiconductor technology advantages<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/600895\">Zhangjiang High-Tech</a>Technology park.These large and small automobile companies and parts companies promote the development of the automobile industry in Shanghai and even the whole country. With the development of the new four modernizations, betting on new energy has become another topic, so it can be seen that new cars and new and new car manufacturers are now rushing to Shanghai.In the past few years, with the new car-making movement in full swing, a battle for new energy vehicles in \"Detroit, China\" has also begun among many cities in China. From Beijing, Shanghai, Wuhan to Hefei, and Chongqing, the dream of \"finding the next Tesla\" has not only swept across the entire venture capital circle, but even local governments have become VCs aiming at new energy projects and are eager to pull the trigger.Standing on the eve of the transformation of the new energy wave, is Shanghai ready?Go to Lingang to learn from the BuddhaIn March 2021, Lingang New Area welcomed another group of government officials and entrepreneurs who came to \"learn from experience\", and Wu Qibin, founder of the new energy battery cloud platform, was also one of them. At the end of the visit, he posted a message in his circle of friends: Linjiang Linhai Great Shanghai, Airport Seaport Freeport.Prior to this, Wu Qibin also registered a branch office in Lingang, mainly engaged in technology development and parts sales of new energy vehicles. In his view, the development prospect of Lingang is very good, and it is likely to be the \"future Pudong\".It's getting close to dusk, but Lingang, located in the southeast corner of Shanghai and 75 kilometers away from the city center, is not lonely as in the suburbs. A year ago, when Tesla completed its \"settlement\" in Lingang in just over 200 days, the former continuous rotation and high efficiency seemed to be infiltrated in this land together with the factories that had sprung up from the ground.As one of Tesla's two largest factories in the world, the production capacity and status of the Shanghai Gigafactory are not trivial. After introducing this top player in the new energy vehicle circle,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/600848\">Shanghai Lingang</a>It has also become a benchmark for attacking new energy projects.Even if you have seen large machinery such as tower cranes working here 24 hours a day, it will still be surprising how fast the port changes. On the way here, the driver pointed outward casually: \"It turns out that two department stores closed down after opening stores here, and the flow of people is too small to make any money.\" In the eyes of locals, this place is remote, vast and sparsely populated, and it used to be \"the poorest place in Shanghai\".The turning point was the arrival of Tesla. Compared with six months ago, the wasteland on the west side of the Tesla factory has turned into a flat small \"dock\", with hundreds of containers discharged neatly and logistics trucks entering and leaving densely. The doorman said that this is the stronghold of many logistics companies, and the related parts of Tesla cars are inside the container.<img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/c1bebed5e74b5692c4c9673c092067a5\" tg-width=\"1080\" tg-height=\"622\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">Source: Future Auto DailyOriginally a muddy and desolate land, now surrounding the factory, is gradually filled with fireworks. On both sides of the road opposite the west gate of the second phase of the Tesla factory, you can see the red area. There are temporary restaurants set up with tents everywhere, offering everything from breakfast to lunch, and even small supermarkets, responsible for building the Tesla factory. Workers are here to solve their three meals a day.Not only that, but longer-term planning continues. Along Zhengjia Road, the west gate of Tesla Gigafactory, about two kilometers south, is a factory land reserved by Lingang for Tesla with an area of 460,000 square meters.Even if official website, the Shanghai land market, shows that the land has \"failed to bid\". However, in the view of Zhao Zhendong, investment manager of the investment management department of Lingang Industrial Zone Economic Development Co., Ltd., although there has been a \"failed bid\", land is a scarce resource, and \"the Tesla team should not let it go easily.\"Looking around now, there is still a barren open grassland. The workers who laid river piles on site told Future Automobile Daily that a factory will be built here in the future, but it is not clear which company it is. \"Now the laying of river piles has just started, muck trucks and bulldozers have just started to work, and it will take eight or nine months before the factory starts construction.\"<img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/abe3bcc07d6dd227b34d58a2e4cdbf2f\" tg-width=\"1080\" tg-height=\"622\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">Lingang partial land planning map (partial) Source: Future Automobile DailyHowever, as Tesla gradually becomes the largest factory in Lingang, its right to speak continues to increase, and suppliers separated by a narrow strip of water have chosen to set up camp here. At the end of September last year, including<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/603179\">Xinquan Shares</a>Thirteen projects, including Jinyuansheng, etc., officially landed in Lingang New Area, covering various supporting products such as body, chassis, sensors and electronic components.According to incomplete statistics from Future Auto Daily, more than 10 \"Tesla\" suppliers will settle in Lingang New Area in 2020. This also means that within half an hour, Tesla can easily collect the required parts in the Lingang New Area.\"As long as the quality allows, Tesla's localization rate can continue to improve, which will also bring more innovation opportunities to domestic enterprises.\" In an interview with Future Auto Daily, the relevant person said so. According to the plan, Lingang's production capacity target for new energy vehicles is 1 million units. In addition to the Tesla factory, Zhiji Automobile will also be produced at the SAIC Passenger Car Lingang factory.\"Lingang is like a blank sheet of paper. In the next five years, it will need to follow the path of other auto cities for 10 or even 20 years.\" The above-mentioned person said that in the face of the wave of new energy vehicles, Lingang chose to bet on electrification and<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/5RE.SI\">smart</a>It has attracted a number of technology companies such as TuSimple and Horizon.New forces rush to ShanghaiAt the end of 2014, the car manufacturing project had not yet been implemented.<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/NIO\">Nio</a>Qin Lihong, co-founder and president of automobile, came to Shanghai and rented a temporary office in an office building near Anting subway station. It was not until October 2015 that Nio Automobile officially entered the Shanghai Automotive Innovation Port office.Afterwards, Li Bin recalled that before Nio was officially founded, he and Qin Lihong reached a consensus: it is more likely to build a high-end brand in Shanghai. Although in an interview with the media later, Li Bin said that he came to Jiading on his own initiative, \"Nio will not choose to settle here because of the favorable policies of a local government.\"However, when there is a watershed in the capital market, including Nio, new cars that are in urgent need of long-term blood transfusion, their respective destinies are closely related to whether they can obtain the support of local governments. The investment enthusiasm of the market is no longer there, and the investment from the \"national team\" has become the greatest hope. However, for Shanghai, even if there is no special support policy, new car manufacturers have always yearned for it.In March,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BIDU\">Baidu</a>Jidu Automobile, a joint venture company established with Geely, also chose to land in Shanghai. April 19th,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/LI\">Li Auto</a>CEO Li Xiang announced that the Shanghai R&D headquarters will open at the end of April, with an overall capacity of 2,000 people. This is a rare large-scale expansion since the founding of the Li Auto, and the building where Li Auto is located was originally one of SAIC Volkswagen's offices.It is no accident that new forces are rushing to Shanghai together.Compared with other cities, Shanghai's attitude towards betting on new energy vehicles is almost paranoid. On February 25, Shanghai issued the \"Shanghai Implementation Plan for Accelerating the Development of New Energy Vehicle Industry (2021-2025)\". By 2025, the output value of new energy vehicles in Shanghai will exceed 350 billion yuan, accounting for 35% of the output value of the city's automobile manufacturing industry above, of which the annual output of local new energy vehicles exceeds 1.2 million.<img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/ba85e66649157b720c807d4c7075dc7f\" tg-width=\"1080\" tg-height=\"676\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">Source: PixabayWhen backed by government policies, positive signals are also transmitted to the entire market.An auto industry headhunter working in Shanghai told Future Auto Daily that at present, new car companies in Shanghai have started a war to grab people. \"Now it belongs to the seller's market for us, and some new energy car companies often have more than 20 Hire Counts. (The number of recruits) is thrown over, chasing us almost every day to ask about the recruitment progress.\"In the direction of recruitment, it is not difficult to smell the change of wind direction. Those with the strongest recruitment demand have begun to concentrate on positions that favor Internet technology such as intelligent network connectivity, autonomous driving, and digital marketing, which also virtually proves the future direction of car companies.If Lingang is a rookie who once again focuses the industry's attention on Shanghai, then Anting, 100 kilometers away, is the foundation of Shanghai's automobile industry. While Lingang is rapidly advancing towards new energy, automobile veteran Anting is also beginning to turn around.Today's Anting not only gathers Nio,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/600104\">SAIC Group</a>、<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/601633\">Great Wall Motors</a>There are many car companies, as well as a number of technology research and development companies such as intelligent network connection, chips and driverless driving. Some people even regard this place as the Silicon Valley of China's auto industry.<img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/1adefca6eaa111814d102a77de4a6985\" tg-width=\"1080\" tg-height=\"622\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">SAIC Volkswagen MEB Factory Source: Future Auto Daily\"Anting currently has the most complete supply chain resources and list of car companies in Shanghai, and can contact customers at any time.\" After resigning from SAIC, Li Wei chose to start a business in the field of smart cockpits, and finally set the company's address in Anting. \"This is our kind<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/V03.SI\">Startups</a>The convenience most needed. \"Walking on the streets of Anting, there are also \"fresh\" elements such as self-driving cars. Didi launched Robotaxi (self-driving taxi) in Anting. A safety driver told Future Auto Daily that if you want to experience driverless vehicles, you can make an appointment one day in advance. If the travel route is within the range of self-driving operations, you can call a free self-driving car nearby.New generation of AutobotsAs in early<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/GM\">General Motors</a>Executives take private jets from Detroit to factories in Ohio to solve problems. When Shanghai plays a core role and stands at the top of the automobile industry chain, many automobile companies unanimously settle their R&D centers in Shanghai. With the huge wings of the electrification wave flapping, new choices and opportunities also fall on the shoulders of every automobile person.Su Tong, who has worked in a traditional car company in Shanghai for nearly five years, deeply agrees with this. Because of the intrusion of new forces, when he saw a colleague with almost the same work experience as himself jumping jobs to a new car company, but his annual salary doubled, he felt that his mentality had \"collapsed\".In Su Tong's eyes, the 35-year-old himself not only has to work with his head covered, but also considers the prospect in the workplace. \"The internal transformation efficiency of traditional car companies is somewhat low, and new forces are developing too fast. I am worried that if this continues, I will be eliminated and become unemployed middle-aged.\" Seeing the changes in the industry, he also had the idea of changing jobs. In his opinion, work like smart cockpits and autonomous driving represents the future.Because of the lack of relevant work experience, all the resumes submitted fell into the sea, but Su Tong never gave up. In order to facilitate finding a job, when he bought a house in 2020, he looked around and finally chose Anting. He decided to teach himself the knowledge of autonomous driving, or choose to transfer jobs internally. \"This process may be a bit hard, but once you learn, the future development will definitely be better than it is now.\"In order to attract more talents in the new energy field, Shanghai is also constantly increasing its bargaining chips and competitiveness. In February this year, the Shanghai Municipal Government stated that it could provide direct settlement, talent rewards and other support for qualified outstanding talents in the field of new energy vehicles. Su Tong also hopes that this way will really settle Shanghai.Jacky, who works in human resources, smelled the wind direction of the industry early. From an auto parts company to a new power car company, currently serving as the human resources director of a hydrogen fuel cell company, he has also seen greater demand in the industry and is preparing to set up a headhunting company. \"I'm 45 years old this year, and I won't change jobs again.\" In his plan, he will continue to find his own value in the automobile system. \"\"At present, Shanghai is the city with the largest number of high-end automobile talents. Many foreign companies and suppliers are headquartered in Shanghai, and high-end talents are Shanghai's biggest advantage.\" Zhang Xiang, a member of the new energy and intelligent connected automobile industry expert think tank, told Future Automobile Daily.In fact, although Shanghai is vigorously attracting the new energy automobile industry, its high environmental protection requirements, average tax revenue per mu and labor costs have also virtually shut out a considerable number of manufacturing-heavy and low-threshold enterprises. Setting up the R&D center in Shanghai can maximize the benefits.\"This is the trend of industrial economic transformation. When the scale of a region reaches a certain level, it is difficult to carry other resources.\" Xu Jian, chief ecological officer of Horizon, told Future Automobile Daily that the industrial economy is not large enough in one place. In the future, the manufacturing industry needs to be combined with the service industry and the information industry, so that the local scale will not be its main competitive advantage.<img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b073d71d026e5c127a1843d1aa678f4b\" tg-width=\"1080\" tg-height=\"647\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">A corner of the Motor City Source: Future Auto DailyBefore joining Horizon, Xu Jian served as the executive general manager of Shanghai Automobile City Development Co., Ltd. for many years. In his view, with the technological changes in artificial intelligence and transportation, people are becoming more and more adaptable to decentralized office work. For enterprises, they will also adopt flexible ways to manage.Can it break the \"ceiling\"?Although he has a place in the automobile industry, he is constantly in custody<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/000690\">Baoxin Energy</a>Sturm and drang on the road, but this does not mean that Shanghai can sit back and relax.In a sense, the automobile industry has become a pearl in Shanghai's industry, thanks to the basic parts system built in the early days with SAIC Volkswagen as the main force. With the first completely localized car production line after the reform and opening up, with Anting factory as the center, a large number of parts subsidiaries have been derived around it.Since then, SAIC-Volkswagen's annual sales of millions of vehicles have also made SAIC a well-deserved overlord, and has long occupied the position of the car company with the highest value in the A-share market. However, when the automobile industry is facing transformation, from SAIC's performance, we can also get a glimpse of the challenges faced by Shanghai's automobile industry on the road of transformation.In 2020, SAIC's revenue and net profit experienced a double decline, with declines reaching 12% and 20.2% respectively, setting a new low in the past five years. The revenue of enterprises has both fallen, which is reflected in the decline in output value at the local level.In 2020, the total industrial output value of Jiading's automobile industry fell by 9.9% year-on-year to 367.61 billion yuan, which was 7.6 percentage points higher than that of the non-automobile industry. During the same period, the auto parts industry also experienced a 2.5% decline. Among them, the total industrial output value of Anting Town dropped by 1.8%, only 86.3% of the annual plan was completed.The decline was mainly due to the weak performance of joint ventures. In 2020, SAIC Volkswagen's net profit fell by 22.65% year-on-year to 15.489 billion yuan, and SAIC-GM's net profit fell by 62.56% year-on-year to 4.103 billion yuan. Based on this calculation, the net profit contributed by SAIC Volkswagen and SAIC-GM in 2020 will decrease by more than 10 billion yuan compared with the same period.\"Japanese products have become the touchstone of the automobile market, and have stronger resilience than German and American products.\" An independent brand executive lamented to Future Auto Daily. If you get from<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/601238\">GAC Group</a>In terms of revenue, in 2020, the revenue of the two joint venture car companies, GAC Toyota and GAC Honda, will both increase by more than 10%. This directly drives Guangzhou's automobile production to 2.9521 million vehicles in 2020, which is more than 300,000 vehicles ahead of Shanghai's production capacity (2.6468 million vehicles) in the same period.At the same time, Shenzhen-based<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/002594\">BYD</a>, in July 2020, the market value surpassed SAIC. This means that from the perspective of the capital market, even if SAIC's production and sales scale, business level, and profitability far exceed BYD's, under the trend of new energy transformation, BYD has more room for imagination. Today, BYD's market value has exceeded 430 billion yuan, nearly twice that of SAIC.In the field of new energy, it is not too late for SAIC to start. As early as 2010, SAIC provided new energy vehicles for the Shanghai World Expo, and then Roewe brands also successively launched hybrid models and pure electric models. However, in the face of fierce competition in the field of new energy, the former automobile overlord failed to escape the fate of being overtaken.The introduction of Tesla is undoubtedly Shanghai's biggest bet on the new energy industry in the past two years. Facts have proved that the Tesla effect has indeed detonated the entire new energy industry chain, providing a foundation for the development of the new energy industry in Lingang. But another cruel reality is that most of these supporting suppliers are concentrated in low-threshold fields such as manufacturing, and some core \"three electricity\" technologies are still firmly in Tesla's own hands.<img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/2dd86ad6b3abc06ac8170231b74cfe9f\" tg-width=\"1080\" tg-height=\"608\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">Source: Future Auto DailyMore importantly, when Tesla's aura is gone, how can Shanghai put together the missing puzzle of the new energy vehicle industry?\"In fact, for the current parts companies, the bonus window period of Tesla's circle of friends has passed.\" Zhao Zhendong said that after weighing the pros and cons, some Tesla suppliers believe that they can meet the needs through transportation or storage in warehouses close to them. demand. At present, there is still a lack of batteries, motors, electronic controls and other related companies in Shanghai's new energy vehicle industry chain.In fact, not only in Shanghai, but also across the country, Chinese parts companies are still generally uncompetitive compared with some foreign parts giants. Taking automotive chips as an example, statistics from research institute iHS show that the current global automotive semiconductor market is approximately US $41 billion. The market shares of European, American and Japanese companies are 37%, 30% and 25% respectively. Chinese companies Only 3%. According to data from the China Automotive Chip Industry Innovation Strategic Alliance, 90% of China's automotive chips need to be imported.\"The strength of domestic suppliers is far inferior to that of foreign countries, and the building is<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/600617\">National New Energy</a>Industry, the key is to build its own system in terms of core systems and algorithms. \" An automobile quality management system personnel told Future Automobile Daily that this cannot rely solely on foreign suppliers, but needs to increase investment in basic research. \"If a strong alliance is realized in China and incorporated into the overall national plan, it is very promising to establish an advantage with Shanghai's conditions.\"\"Just like Qian Xuesen returned to China to start a business decades ago, no matter whether you are from the inland or overseas Chinese, as long as you want to start a business or pursue your dreams in the field of smart cars, heroes from all walks of life can come to Shanghai and come to Hong Kong.\" Relevant people said that this is an open source city, and at the same time, I also hope to put the \"stuck neck\" technology here.Nowadays, the voice of domestic substitution is intensifying. Shanghai, a city surrounded by kelp rivers and gathered by boats and cars, seems to have started the second venture of new energy vehicles. Can new hope be bred in this land full of innovation?","source":"WLQC","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>Those who flock to Shanghai for talents, hot money and new cars</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 12.5px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nThose who flock to Shanghai for talents, hot money and new cars\n</h2>\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n未来汽车日报2021-05-06 22:50\n\n</h4>\n</header>\n<article>\nWhen it comes to the city of Shanghai, different people will give different descriptions. Modern westernization and exquisite petty bourgeoisie are all its labels, but they are not exactly what it looks like. In the eyes of many Autobots, Shanghai is still Shanghai on wheels.From Santana, the first joint venture car, to China's earliest professional international auto show, from sitting on the automobile group with the largest production and sales scale in China, to being at the forefront of the new four modernizations, Shanghai's development has always been accompanied by the wheels rolling forward. Compared with Wuhan and Changchun, the development of Shanghai's automobile industry is more like an evolutionary history of modern Chinese automobile industry.Today, on the 6,340 square kilometers of land in Shanghai, with<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/600637\">Oriental Pearl Tower</a>As the center, in the north, there are many OEMs and parts giants entrenched in Jiading Automobile City; South, there are<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TSLA\">Tesla</a>Lingang upstarts brought up by themselves; In the west, there are deep pockets<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/00708\">Evergrande Auto</a>And<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TSM\">TSMC</a>And other key suppliers; To the east, there is a mature industrial area centered on SAIC-GM, as well as a company with semiconductor technology advantages<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/600895\">Zhangjiang High-Tech</a>Technology park.These large and small automobile companies and parts companies promote the development of the automobile industry in Shanghai and even the whole country. With the development of the new four modernizations, betting on new energy has become another topic, so it can be seen that new cars and new and new car manufacturers are now rushing to Shanghai.In the past few years, with the new car-making movement in full swing, a battle for new energy vehicles in \"Detroit, China\" has also begun among many cities in China. From Beijing, Shanghai, Wuhan to Hefei, and Chongqing, the dream of \"finding the next Tesla\" has not only swept across the entire venture capital circle, but even local governments have become VCs aiming at new energy projects and are eager to pull the trigger.Standing on the eve of the transformation of the new energy wave, is Shanghai ready?Go to Lingang to learn from the BuddhaIn March 2021, Lingang New Area welcomed another group of government officials and entrepreneurs who came to \"learn from experience\", and Wu Qibin, founder of the new energy battery cloud platform, was also one of them. At the end of the visit, he posted a message in his circle of friends: Linjiang Linhai Great Shanghai, Airport Seaport Freeport.Prior to this, Wu Qibin also registered a branch office in Lingang, mainly engaged in technology development and parts sales of new energy vehicles. In his view, the development prospect of Lingang is very good, and it is likely to be the \"future Pudong\".It's getting close to dusk, but Lingang, located in the southeast corner of Shanghai and 75 kilometers away from the city center, is not lonely as in the suburbs. A year ago, when Tesla completed its \"settlement\" in Lingang in just over 200 days, the former continuous rotation and high efficiency seemed to be infiltrated in this land together with the factories that had sprung up from the ground.As one of Tesla's two largest factories in the world, the production capacity and status of the Shanghai Gigafactory are not trivial. After introducing this top player in the new energy vehicle circle,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/600848\">Shanghai Lingang</a>It has also become a benchmark for attacking new energy projects.Even if you have seen large machinery such as tower cranes working here 24 hours a day, it will still be surprising how fast the port changes. On the way here, the driver pointed outward casually: \"It turns out that two department stores closed down after opening stores here, and the flow of people is too small to make any money.\" In the eyes of locals, this place is remote, vast and sparsely populated, and it used to be \"the poorest place in Shanghai\".The turning point was the arrival of Tesla. Compared with six months ago, the wasteland on the west side of the Tesla factory has turned into a flat small \"dock\", with hundreds of containers discharged neatly and logistics trucks entering and leaving densely. The doorman said that this is the stronghold of many logistics companies, and the related parts of Tesla cars are inside the container.<img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/c1bebed5e74b5692c4c9673c092067a5\" tg-width=\"1080\" tg-height=\"622\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">Source: Future Auto DailyOriginally a muddy and desolate land, now surrounding the factory, is gradually filled with fireworks. On both sides of the road opposite the west gate of the second phase of the Tesla factory, you can see the red area. There are temporary restaurants set up with tents everywhere, offering everything from breakfast to lunch, and even small supermarkets, responsible for building the Tesla factory. Workers are here to solve their three meals a day.Not only that, but longer-term planning continues. Along Zhengjia Road, the west gate of Tesla Gigafactory, about two kilometers south, is a factory land reserved by Lingang for Tesla with an area of 460,000 square meters.Even if official website, the Shanghai land market, shows that the land has \"failed to bid\". However, in the view of Zhao Zhendong, investment manager of the investment management department of Lingang Industrial Zone Economic Development Co., Ltd., although there has been a \"failed bid\", land is a scarce resource, and \"the Tesla team should not let it go easily.\"Looking around now, there is still a barren open grassland. The workers who laid river piles on site told Future Automobile Daily that a factory will be built here in the future, but it is not clear which company it is. \"Now the laying of river piles has just started, muck trucks and bulldozers have just started to work, and it will take eight or nine months before the factory starts construction.\"<img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/abe3bcc07d6dd227b34d58a2e4cdbf2f\" tg-width=\"1080\" tg-height=\"622\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">Lingang partial land planning map (partial) Source: Future Automobile DailyHowever, as Tesla gradually becomes the largest factory in Lingang, its right to speak continues to increase, and suppliers separated by a narrow strip of water have chosen to set up camp here. At the end of September last year, including<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/603179\">Xinquan Shares</a>Thirteen projects, including Jinyuansheng, etc., officially landed in Lingang New Area, covering various supporting products such as body, chassis, sensors and electronic components.According to incomplete statistics from Future Auto Daily, more than 10 \"Tesla\" suppliers will settle in Lingang New Area in 2020. This also means that within half an hour, Tesla can easily collect the required parts in the Lingang New Area.\"As long as the quality allows, Tesla's localization rate can continue to improve, which will also bring more innovation opportunities to domestic enterprises.\" In an interview with Future Auto Daily, the relevant person said so. According to the plan, Lingang's production capacity target for new energy vehicles is 1 million units. In addition to the Tesla factory, Zhiji Automobile will also be produced at the SAIC Passenger Car Lingang factory.\"Lingang is like a blank sheet of paper. In the next five years, it will need to follow the path of other auto cities for 10 or even 20 years.\" The above-mentioned person said that in the face of the wave of new energy vehicles, Lingang chose to bet on electrification and<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/5RE.SI\">smart</a>It has attracted a number of technology companies such as TuSimple and Horizon.New forces rush to ShanghaiAt the end of 2014, the car manufacturing project had not yet been implemented.<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/NIO\">Nio</a>Qin Lihong, co-founder and president of automobile, came to Shanghai and rented a temporary office in an office building near Anting subway station. It was not until October 2015 that Nio Automobile officially entered the Shanghai Automotive Innovation Port office.Afterwards, Li Bin recalled that before Nio was officially founded, he and Qin Lihong reached a consensus: it is more likely to build a high-end brand in Shanghai. Although in an interview with the media later, Li Bin said that he came to Jiading on his own initiative, \"Nio will not choose to settle here because of the favorable policies of a local government.\"However, when there is a watershed in the capital market, including Nio, new cars that are in urgent need of long-term blood transfusion, their respective destinies are closely related to whether they can obtain the support of local governments. The investment enthusiasm of the market is no longer there, and the investment from the \"national team\" has become the greatest hope. However, for Shanghai, even if there is no special support policy, new car manufacturers have always yearned for it.In March,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BIDU\">Baidu</a>Jidu Automobile, a joint venture company established with Geely, also chose to land in Shanghai. April 19th,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/LI\">Li Auto</a>CEO Li Xiang announced that the Shanghai R&D headquarters will open at the end of April, with an overall capacity of 2,000 people. This is a rare large-scale expansion since the founding of the Li Auto, and the building where Li Auto is located was originally one of SAIC Volkswagen's offices.It is no accident that new forces are rushing to Shanghai together.Compared with other cities, Shanghai's attitude towards betting on new energy vehicles is almost paranoid. On February 25, Shanghai issued the \"Shanghai Implementation Plan for Accelerating the Development of New Energy Vehicle Industry (2021-2025)\". By 2025, the output value of new energy vehicles in Shanghai will exceed 350 billion yuan, accounting for 35% of the output value of the city's automobile manufacturing industry above, of which the annual output of local new energy vehicles exceeds 1.2 million.<img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/ba85e66649157b720c807d4c7075dc7f\" tg-width=\"1080\" tg-height=\"676\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">Source: PixabayWhen backed by government policies, positive signals are also transmitted to the entire market.An auto industry headhunter working in Shanghai told Future Auto Daily that at present, new car companies in Shanghai have started a war to grab people. \"Now it belongs to the seller's market for us, and some new energy car companies often have more than 20 Hire Counts. (The number of recruits) is thrown over, chasing us almost every day to ask about the recruitment progress.\"In the direction of recruitment, it is not difficult to smell the change of wind direction. Those with the strongest recruitment demand have begun to concentrate on positions that favor Internet technology such as intelligent network connectivity, autonomous driving, and digital marketing, which also virtually proves the future direction of car companies.If Lingang is a rookie who once again focuses the industry's attention on Shanghai, then Anting, 100 kilometers away, is the foundation of Shanghai's automobile industry. While Lingang is rapidly advancing towards new energy, automobile veteran Anting is also beginning to turn around.Today's Anting not only gathers Nio,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/600104\">SAIC Group</a>、<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/601633\">Great Wall Motors</a>There are many car companies, as well as a number of technology research and development companies such as intelligent network connection, chips and driverless driving. Some people even regard this place as the Silicon Valley of China's auto industry.<img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/1adefca6eaa111814d102a77de4a6985\" tg-width=\"1080\" tg-height=\"622\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">SAIC Volkswagen MEB Factory Source: Future Auto Daily\"Anting currently has the most complete supply chain resources and list of car companies in Shanghai, and can contact customers at any time.\" After resigning from SAIC, Li Wei chose to start a business in the field of smart cockpits, and finally set the company's address in Anting. \"This is our kind<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/V03.SI\">Startups</a>The convenience most needed. \"Walking on the streets of Anting, there are also \"fresh\" elements such as self-driving cars. Didi launched Robotaxi (self-driving taxi) in Anting. A safety driver told Future Auto Daily that if you want to experience driverless vehicles, you can make an appointment one day in advance. If the travel route is within the range of self-driving operations, you can call a free self-driving car nearby.New generation of AutobotsAs in early<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/GM\">General Motors</a>Executives take private jets from Detroit to factories in Ohio to solve problems. When Shanghai plays a core role and stands at the top of the automobile industry chain, many automobile companies unanimously settle their R&D centers in Shanghai. With the huge wings of the electrification wave flapping, new choices and opportunities also fall on the shoulders of every automobile person.Su Tong, who has worked in a traditional car company in Shanghai for nearly five years, deeply agrees with this. Because of the intrusion of new forces, when he saw a colleague with almost the same work experience as himself jumping jobs to a new car company, but his annual salary doubled, he felt that his mentality had \"collapsed\".In Su Tong's eyes, the 35-year-old himself not only has to work with his head covered, but also considers the prospect in the workplace. \"The internal transformation efficiency of traditional car companies is somewhat low, and new forces are developing too fast. I am worried that if this continues, I will be eliminated and become unemployed middle-aged.\" Seeing the changes in the industry, he also had the idea of changing jobs. In his opinion, work like smart cockpits and autonomous driving represents the future.Because of the lack of relevant work experience, all the resumes submitted fell into the sea, but Su Tong never gave up. In order to facilitate finding a job, when he bought a house in 2020, he looked around and finally chose Anting. He decided to teach himself the knowledge of autonomous driving, or choose to transfer jobs internally. \"This process may be a bit hard, but once you learn, the future development will definitely be better than it is now.\"In order to attract more talents in the new energy field, Shanghai is also constantly increasing its bargaining chips and competitiveness. In February this year, the Shanghai Municipal Government stated that it could provide direct settlement, talent rewards and other support for qualified outstanding talents in the field of new energy vehicles. Su Tong also hopes that this way will really settle Shanghai.Jacky, who works in human resources, smelled the wind direction of the industry early. From an auto parts company to a new power car company, currently serving as the human resources director of a hydrogen fuel cell company, he has also seen greater demand in the industry and is preparing to set up a headhunting company. \"I'm 45 years old this year, and I won't change jobs again.\" In his plan, he will continue to find his own value in the automobile system. \"\"At present, Shanghai is the city with the largest number of high-end automobile talents. Many foreign companies and suppliers are headquartered in Shanghai, and high-end talents are Shanghai's biggest advantage.\" Zhang Xiang, a member of the new energy and intelligent connected automobile industry expert think tank, told Future Automobile Daily.In fact, although Shanghai is vigorously attracting the new energy automobile industry, its high environmental protection requirements, average tax revenue per mu and labor costs have also virtually shut out a considerable number of manufacturing-heavy and low-threshold enterprises. Setting up the R&D center in Shanghai can maximize the benefits.\"This is the trend of industrial economic transformation. When the scale of a region reaches a certain level, it is difficult to carry other resources.\" Xu Jian, chief ecological officer of Horizon, told Future Automobile Daily that the industrial economy is not large enough in one place. In the future, the manufacturing industry needs to be combined with the service industry and the information industry, so that the local scale will not be its main competitive advantage.<img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b073d71d026e5c127a1843d1aa678f4b\" tg-width=\"1080\" tg-height=\"647\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">A corner of the Motor City Source: Future Auto DailyBefore joining Horizon, Xu Jian served as the executive general manager of Shanghai Automobile City Development Co., Ltd. for many years. In his view, with the technological changes in artificial intelligence and transportation, people are becoming more and more adaptable to decentralized office work. For enterprises, they will also adopt flexible ways to manage.Can it break the \"ceiling\"?Although he has a place in the automobile industry, he is constantly in custody<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/000690\">Baoxin Energy</a>Sturm and drang on the road, but this does not mean that Shanghai can sit back and relax.In a sense, the automobile industry has become a pearl in Shanghai's industry, thanks to the basic parts system built in the early days with SAIC Volkswagen as the main force. With the first completely localized car production line after the reform and opening up, with Anting factory as the center, a large number of parts subsidiaries have been derived around it.Since then, SAIC-Volkswagen's annual sales of millions of vehicles have also made SAIC a well-deserved overlord, and has long occupied the position of the car company with the highest value in the A-share market. However, when the automobile industry is facing transformation, from SAIC's performance, we can also get a glimpse of the challenges faced by Shanghai's automobile industry on the road of transformation.In 2020, SAIC's revenue and net profit experienced a double decline, with declines reaching 12% and 20.2% respectively, setting a new low in the past five years. The revenue of enterprises has both fallen, which is reflected in the decline in output value at the local level.In 2020, the total industrial output value of Jiading's automobile industry fell by 9.9% year-on-year to 367.61 billion yuan, which was 7.6 percentage points higher than that of the non-automobile industry. During the same period, the auto parts industry also experienced a 2.5% decline. Among them, the total industrial output value of Anting Town dropped by 1.8%, only 86.3% of the annual plan was completed.The decline was mainly due to the weak performance of joint ventures. In 2020, SAIC Volkswagen's net profit fell by 22.65% year-on-year to 15.489 billion yuan, and SAIC-GM's net profit fell by 62.56% year-on-year to 4.103 billion yuan. Based on this calculation, the net profit contributed by SAIC Volkswagen and SAIC-GM in 2020 will decrease by more than 10 billion yuan compared with the same period.\"Japanese products have become the touchstone of the automobile market, and have stronger resilience than German and American products.\" An independent brand executive lamented to Future Auto Daily. If you get from<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/601238\">GAC Group</a>In terms of revenue, in 2020, the revenue of the two joint venture car companies, GAC Toyota and GAC Honda, will both increase by more than 10%. This directly drives Guangzhou's automobile production to 2.9521 million vehicles in 2020, which is more than 300,000 vehicles ahead of Shanghai's production capacity (2.6468 million vehicles) in the same period.At the same time, Shenzhen-based<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/002594\">BYD</a>, in July 2020, the market value surpassed SAIC. This means that from the perspective of the capital market, even if SAIC's production and sales scale, business level, and profitability far exceed BYD's, under the trend of new energy transformation, BYD has more room for imagination. Today, BYD's market value has exceeded 430 billion yuan, nearly twice that of SAIC.In the field of new energy, it is not too late for SAIC to start. As early as 2010, SAIC provided new energy vehicles for the Shanghai World Expo, and then Roewe brands also successively launched hybrid models and pure electric models. However, in the face of fierce competition in the field of new energy, the former automobile overlord failed to escape the fate of being overtaken.The introduction of Tesla is undoubtedly Shanghai's biggest bet on the new energy industry in the past two years. Facts have proved that the Tesla effect has indeed detonated the entire new energy industry chain, providing a foundation for the development of the new energy industry in Lingang. But another cruel reality is that most of these supporting suppliers are concentrated in low-threshold fields such as manufacturing, and some core \"three electricity\" technologies are still firmly in Tesla's own hands.<img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/2dd86ad6b3abc06ac8170231b74cfe9f\" tg-width=\"1080\" tg-height=\"608\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">Source: Future Auto DailyMore importantly, when Tesla's aura is gone, how can Shanghai put together the missing puzzle of the new energy vehicle industry?\"In fact, for the current parts companies, the bonus window period of Tesla's circle of friends has passed.\" Zhao Zhendong said that after weighing the pros and cons, some Tesla suppliers believe that they can meet the needs through transportation or storage in warehouses close to them. demand. At present, there is still a lack of batteries, motors, electronic controls and other related companies in Shanghai's new energy vehicle industry chain.In fact, not only in Shanghai, but also across the country, Chinese parts companies are still generally uncompetitive compared with some foreign parts giants. Taking automotive chips as an example, statistics from research institute iHS show that the current global automotive semiconductor market is approximately US $41 billion. The market shares of European, American and Japanese companies are 37%, 30% and 25% respectively. Chinese companies Only 3%. According to data from the China Automotive Chip Industry Innovation Strategic Alliance, 90% of China's automotive chips need to be imported.\"The strength of domestic suppliers is far inferior to that of foreign countries, and the building is<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/600617\">National New Energy</a>Industry, the key is to build its own system in terms of core systems and algorithms. \" An automobile quality management system personnel told Future Automobile Daily that this cannot rely solely on foreign suppliers, but needs to increase investment in basic research. \"If a strong alliance is realized in China and incorporated into the overall national plan, it is very promising to establish an advantage with Shanghai's conditions.\"\"Just like Qian Xuesen returned to China to start a business decades ago, no matter whether you are from the inland or overseas Chinese, as long as you want to start a business or pursue your dreams in the field of smart cars, heroes from all walks of life can come to Shanghai and come to Hong Kong.\" Relevant people said that this is an open source city, and at the same time, I also hope to put the \"stuck neck\" technology here.Nowadays, the voice of domestic substitution is intensifying. Shanghai, a city surrounded by kelp rivers and gathered by boats and cars, seems to have started the second venture of new energy vehicles. Can new hope be bred in this land full of innovation?\n<div class=\"bt-text\">\n\n\n source：<a href=\"https://auto-time.36kr.com/p/1212796999585922\">未来汽车日报</a>\n\n\n</div>\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/2dd86ad6b3abc06ac8170231b74cfe9f","relate_stocks":{"TSLA":"特斯拉"},"source_url":"https://auto-time.36kr.com/p/1212796999585922","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1158264878","content_text":"提起上海这座城市，不同的人都会给出不一样的描述。摩登西化、精致小资，都是它的标签，却又不完全是它的样子。在不少汽车人眼里，上海，还是车轮上的上海。从第一辆合资轿车桑塔纳，到中国最早的专业国际车展，从坐拥中国产销规模最大的汽车集团，到走在新四化浪潮前列，上海的发展一直都伴随着车轮滚滚向前。和武汉、长春相比，上海汽车行业的发展，更像一部近代中国汽车工业的进化历史。如今在上海6340平方公里的土地上，以东方明珠为中心，北面，有众多主机厂和零部件巨头盘踞的嘉定汽车城；南面，有特斯拉凭一己之力带起的临港新贵；西面，有财大气粗的恒大汽车和台积电等关键供应商；东面，则是以上汽通用为中心成熟的产业片区，以及具有半导体技术优势的张江高科技园区。这些大大小小的车企和零部件企业，推动着上海乃至全国汽车产业的发展。随着新四化浪潮的发展，押注发力新能源成为又一课题，于是又可以看到，新造车以及新新造车们如今齐齐奔向上海滩。过去几年，随着新造车运动的如火如荼，一场“中国底特律”新能源汽车争夺战，也在国内诸多城市间开始打响。从北京、上海、武汉到合肥、重庆，“寻找下一个特斯拉”的梦想，不仅席卷了整个创投圈，连地方政府也化身VC瞄准新能源项目跃跃欲试扣动扳机。站在新能源浪潮变革前夜，上海准备好了吗？去临港取经2021年3月，临港新片区又迎来一批前来“取经”的政府官员和企业家，新能源电池云平台创始人吴奇斌也是其中一员。参观即将结束时，他在朋友圈发文感慨：临江临海大上海，空港海港自由港。在此之前，吴奇斌在临港也注册了分公司，主要做新能源汽车的技术开发和零部件销售。在他看来，临港的发展前景很好，很可能是“未来的浦东”。天色已经接近黄昏，地处上海东南角、距离市中心75公里的临港却没有郊区常有的落寞。一年前，当特斯拉仅用200余天的时间，就完成了在临港的“落户”，曾经的连轴转、高效率似乎和拔地而起的厂房一起都浸润在这片土地里。作为特斯拉全球最大的两个工厂之一，上海超级工厂的产能和地位都非同小可。在引入这位新能源汽车圈顶流后，上海临港也成为狙击新能源项目的标杆。即便看过塔吊等大型机械24小时不间断在这里施工，但临港变化之快仍会令人感到惊讶。来到这里的途中，司机随手向外一指：“原来有两家百货公司在这里开店后都关门了，人流量太少，挣不到什么钱。”在当地人眼中，这里位置偏僻，地广人稀，曾经是“上海最穷的地方”。转折点是特斯拉的到来。和半年前相比，特斯拉工厂西侧的荒地已化身平整的小型“码头”，数百个集装箱整齐排放，物流卡车密集地出入。门卫表示，这里是多家物流公司的据点，集装箱内正是特斯拉汽车的相关零部件。来源：未来汽车日报原本一片泥泞的荒凉地，如今围绕着工厂，也渐渐充满了烟火气。特斯拉工厂二期西门对面的马路两侧，放眼望去红彤彤一片，到处都是帐篷搭起的临时餐馆，从早餐到午饭炒菜一应俱全，甚至还有小型超市，负责建造特斯拉工厂的工人都在这里解决自己的一日三餐。不仅如此，更长远的规划还在继续。沿着特斯拉超级工厂西门的正嘉路，一直向南约两公里，就是临港为特斯拉预留的一块面积达46万平方米的工厂用地。即便上海土地市场官网显示，该地已经“流标”。但在临港产业区经济发展有限公司招商管理部招商经理赵振东看来，虽然出现了“流标”，但土地作为稀缺资源，“特斯拉团队应该不会轻易放手。”现在放眼望去，那里仍是一片荒芜的空旷草地，现场铺设河道桩的工人告诉未来汽车日报，未来这里会建设厂房，但并不清楚是哪家企业。“现在河道桩铺设刚刚开始，渣土车和推土机刚开始作业，距离工厂动工还需要八九个月。”临港局部土地规划图（局部） 来源：未来汽车日报不过随着特斯拉逐渐成为临港最大的工厂，话语权不断加大，也让和它一衣带水的供应商纷纷选择在此安营扎寨。去年9月底，包括新泉股份、锦源晟等在内的13个项目正式落地临港新片区，涵盖车身、底盘以及传感器和电子元器件等各类配套产品。据未来汽车日报不完全统计，2020年有超过10家“特斯拉系”供应商入驻临港新片区。这也意味着，在半小时之内，特斯拉就能轻松在临港新片区集齐所需零部件。“只要质量允许，特斯拉的本地化率还可以继续提高，这也会给国内企业带来更多的创新机会。”在接受未来汽车日报采访时，相关人士如此表示。按照规划，临港对于新能源汽车产能目标是100万辆，除了特斯拉工厂，智己汽车也将会在上汽乘用车临港工厂生产。“临港就像一张白纸，在接下来的5年，需要走其他汽车城10年甚至20年的路。”上述人士表示，面对新能源汽车浪潮，临港选择押注电动化和智能化，目前已经吸引图森未来、地平线等一批科技企业。新势力奔赴上海滩2014年底，造车项目还没有落地，蔚来汽车联合创始人、总裁秦力洪就来到上海，在安亭地铁站附近的写字楼里租下一间作为临时办公室。直到2015年10月，蔚来汽车才正式进入上海汽车创新港办公。事后李斌回忆，蔚来还未正式创立时，他就和秦力洪达成共识：在上海打造一个高端品牌的可能性更大。虽然之后在接受媒体采访时，李斌表示来嘉定是自己主动为之，“蔚来并不会因为某个地方政府的利好政策就选择落户在此。”但当资本市场出现分水岭，包括蔚来在内，急需长期输血的新造车，各自命运的走向则和能否获得地方政府的支持紧密相关。市场的投资热情不再，来自“国家队”的投资成为最大的希望。然而对于上海来说，即便没有特殊的扶持政策，新造车们也一直都是心向往之。今年3月，百度与吉利合资组建的合资公司集度汽车也选择落地上海。4月19日，理想汽车CEO李想宣布上海研发总部在4月底即会开门入驻，整体规模可容纳2000人。这是理想汽车成立以来，少有的大规模扩张，而理想汽车所在的大厦也原本是上汽大众的办公地点之一。新势力齐齐奔向上海滩并非偶然。和其它城市相比，上海押注新能源汽车的态度近乎偏执。2月25日，上海市出台《上海市加快新能源汽车产业发展实施计划(2021—2025年)》，到2025年，上海新能源汽车产值突破3500亿元，占全市汽车制造业产业产值35%以上，其中本地新能源汽车年产量超过120万辆。来源：Pixabay当有政府政策作为后盾，积极的信号也传导给整个市场。一位在上海工作的汽车行业猎头告诉未来汽车日报，目前上海的新造车企业已经开启抢人大战，“现在对我们来说属于卖方市场，一些新能源汽车企业动辄就是二十多个Hire Count（招聘人数）丢过来，几乎每天都追着我们询问招聘进度。”在招聘的方向里，也不难嗅出风向的变化。招聘需求最为旺盛的，开始集中在智能网联、自动驾驶以及数字化营销等偏向互联网技术的岗位，这也在无形中佐证了车企未来的发力方向。如果临港是把行业目光再度聚焦在上海的新秀，那100公里外的安亭则是上海汽车产业安身的根本。在临港向着新能源狂飙猛进的同时，汽车老兵安亭也开始大象转身。如今的安亭，不仅云集了包括蔚来、上汽集团、长城汽车等众多车企，还有智能网联、芯片以及无人驾驶等一批科技研发公司，有人甚至将这里看作是中国汽车业的硅谷。上汽大众MEB工厂 来源：未来汽车日报“安亭拥有目前上海最完备的供应链资源和车企名单，可以随时接触到客户。”从上汽集团辞职后，李维选择在智能座舱领域创业，最终把公司地址定在安亭，“这是有我们这种创业公司最需要的便利。”走在安亭的街上，也不乏自动驾驶汽车这样的“新鲜”元素。滴滴在安亭投放了Robotaxi（自动驾驶出租），一位安全驾驶员告诉未来汽车日报，想要体验无人驾驶车辆，可以提前一天预约，如果出行路线在自动驾驶运行范围内，就可以呼叫附近空闲的自动驾驶车。新一代汽车人正如早期通用汽车高管从底特律乘坐私人飞机，到俄亥俄州工厂解决问题一般。当上海扮演着核心角色，站在汽车产业链顶端，不少车企不约而同地将研发中心落户上海，电气化浪潮的巨大翅膀扇动下，新的选择和际遇也落在了每一位汽车人的肩上。在上海一家传统车企工作近5年的苏童对此深以为然。因为新势力的闯入，当他看到与自己工作经验几乎一样的同事跳槽到新造车公司，年薪却翻了一倍，他觉得自己的心态“崩了”。在苏童眼中，35岁的自己在职场里不仅要蒙头干活还要考虑前景问题。“传统车企内部转型效率有些低，新势力发展得太快了，我担心再这样下去会被淘汰变成待业中年。”看到行业的变化，他也有了跳槽的想法，在他看来，像是智能座舱和自动驾驶方面的工作，才代表着未来。因为缺少相关的工作经验，投出的简历也全都石沉大海，不过苏童始终没有放弃。为了方便找工作，2020年买房时，看了一圈，他最终还是选择了安亭。他决定自学自动驾驶方面的知识，或者选择内部转岗。“这个过程可能会有点辛苦，不过一旦学成，未来发展肯定会比现在要好。”为了吸引更多的新能源领域的人才，上海也在不断加大筹码和竞争力。今年2月，上海市政府表示，针对符合条件的新能源汽车领域优秀人才，可以给予直接落户、人才奖励等支持。苏童也寄希望于这个方式真正落定上海。从事人力资源工作的Jacky则早早嗅到了行业的风向。从汽车配件公司到新势力车企，目前在一家氢燃料电池公司担任人力资源总监的他，也看到了行业更大的需求，准备成立一家猎头公司。“我今年已经45岁了，接下来不会再跳槽了”，在他的计划里，将继续在汽车体系内寻找自己的价值。”“目前上海是汽车高端人才最多的城市，很多外企和供应商总部在上海，高端人才是上海最大的优势。”新能源与智能网联汽车产业专家智库成员张翔告诉未来汽车日报。事实上，上海虽然在大力吸引新能源汽车产业，但其较高的环保要求、亩均税收以及人工成本，也在无形中将相当一部分重制造、低门槛的企业拒之门外。将研发中心设在上海，反而可以将利益最大化。“这是产业经济变革的趋势，当一个地区的规模达到一定程度，就很难再去承载其它资源。”地平线首席生态官徐建告诉未来汽车日报，产业经济并不是在一个地方的规模足够大就可以，未来制造业需要和服务业以及信息业等相结合，使得不以当地的规模作为它最主要的竞争优势。汽车城一角 来源：未来汽车日报加入地平线前，徐建曾担任上海汽车城发展有限公司执行总经理多年，在他看来，随着人工智能以及交通等方面的技术变革，人们越来越适应分散式办公，对于企业来说，同样会采用灵活的方式去管理。能否打破“天花板”？虽然在汽车业占有一席之地，并不断在押宝新能源的道路上狂飙突进，但这并不意味着上海能够高枕无忧。某种意义上，汽车业成为上海产业里的一颗明珠，得益于早期以上汽大众为主力搭建起的基础零部件体系，其凭借改革开放以后的第一条完全国产化的轿车产线，以安亭工厂为中心，在其周边衍生出大量的零部件子公司。之后上汽大众动辄百万辆的年销量，也让上汽集团成为当之无愧的霸主，并长期占据着A股市值最高车企的地位。然而当汽车产业面临转型，从上汽的表现中，也能窥见上海汽车产业在转型路上面临的挑战。2020年，上汽集团的营收和净利润出现了双下滑，跌幅分别达到12%和20.2%，创下近五年新低。企业营收双降，反应在地方上则是产值下跌。2020年，嘉定汽车产业的工业总产值同比下降9.9%至3676.1亿元，降幅高出非汽车产业7.6个百分点，同期汽车零部件的产业也出现了2.5%的跌幅。其中安亭镇的工业总产值下跌了1.8%，仅完成全年计划的86.3%。下滑主要是合资公司表现疲软。2020年，上汽大众净利润同比下滑22.65%至154.89亿元，上汽通用净利润同比下滑62.56%至41.03亿元。以此计算，上汽大众和上汽通用在2020年贡献的净利润，较同期减少超过100亿元。“日系已经成为汽车市场的试金石，比德系和美系拥有更强的抗跌能力。”一位自主品牌高管向未来汽车日报感慨。如果从广汽集团的营收来看，2020年，广汽丰田和广汽本田两家合资车企营收涨幅均超过10%。这直接带动2020年广州汽车产量达到295.21万辆，领先同期上海地区产能（264.68万辆）超30万辆。与此同时，总部位于深圳的比亚迪，在2020年7月，市值就超越了上汽。这意味着站在资本市场的角度，即便上汽集团的产销规模、营业水平、盈利水平都远超比亚迪，但在新能源变革的趋势下，比亚迪却拥有更大的想象空间。时至今日，比亚迪的市值已经超过4300亿元，是上汽集团的近2倍。在新能源领域，上汽集团的起步并不算晚。早在2010年，上汽集团就为上海世博会提供新能源汽车，随后荣威品牌也相继推出混合动力车型和纯电动车型。不过面对新能源领域的激烈竞争，这位昔日的汽车霸主，也未能逃过被赶超的命运。引入特斯拉无疑是上海近两年对新能源产业最大的押注，事实证明，特斯拉效应也的确引爆了整个新能源产业链，为临港发展新能源产业提供了基础。但另一个残酷现实在于，这些配套商大多集中在生产制造等低门槛领域，一些核心“三电”技术，仍被特斯拉牢牢掌握在自己手中。来源：未来汽车日报更关键的是，当特斯拉的光环不再，上海该如何拼齐新能源汽车产业缺失的拼图？“其实对于目前的零部件企业来说，特斯拉朋友圈的红利窗口期已经过了。”赵振东表示，一些特斯拉供应商在权衡利弊后，认为通过运输或者临近储存在仓库就可以满足需求。目前在上海新能源汽车产业链条中，仍然缺少电池、电机以及电控等相关企业。事实上，不只是上海，在全国范围内，中国零部件企业和一些国外零部件巨头相比仍普遍缺乏竞争力。以汽车芯片为例，研究机构iHS统计数据显示，目前全球汽车半导体市场规模约为410亿美元，欧洲、美国和日本公司所占的市场份额，分别为37%、30%和25%，中国公司仅为3%。根据中国汽车芯片产业创新战略联盟数据，中国9成的车载芯片都需要进口。“国内供应商的实力远远不如国外，打造中国新能源产业，关键是在核心系统以及算法等方面打造自己的体系。”一位汽车质量管理体系人员告诉未来汽车日报，这不能仅仅依靠国外供应商，需要加大基础研究的投资。“如果国内实现强强联合，并且纳入国家整体规划，以上海的条件很有希望树立优势。”“就像几十年前钱学森回国创业，不管你是来自内陆还是海外华人，只要想在智能汽车领域创业或者追梦，各路英雄豪杰都可以来上海，来临港。”相关人士表示，这是一个开源的城市，同时也希望把“卡脖子”技术放在这里。如今国产替代的声音愈演愈烈，上海这座襟海带江，舟车辏集的城市，似乎开启了新能源汽车的二次创业，在这片充满创新的土地上，能孕育出新的希望吗？","news_type":1,"symbols_score_info":{"TSLA":0.9}},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":2208,"commentLimit":10,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false,"reportStatus":false,"symbols":[],"verified":2,"subType":0,"readableState":1,"langContent":"EN","currentLanguage":"EN","warmUpFlag":false,"orderFlag":false,"shareable":true,"causeOfNotShareable":"","featuresForAnalytics":[],"commentAndTweetFlag":false,"andRepostAutoSelectedFlag":false,"upFlag":false,"length":5,"xxTargetLangEnum":"ORIG"},"commentList":[],"hasMoreComment":false,"orderType":2}